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排序方式: 共有907条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
由于标记缺失、生产记录不详、亲权关系不明及部分个体来源不清等历史问题,中国小熊猫圈养种群存在谱系错漏、近亲繁殖等风险。近年来,随着小熊猫种群规模不断扩大,管理者们对谱系的准确性提出了更高的需求,亲子鉴定工作也成为了研究的重点。本文采用26个微卫星标记,对国内3个小熊猫圈养种群进行了亲缘关系运算,完成了相关谱系的查错与整理。26个位点多态性与稳定性良好,联合非亲排除概率达到0.9999以上,可解决国内小熊猫圈养种群的各类亲子鉴定需求。在单亲未知或双亲未知的情况下,8或11个位点组合可实现亲子鉴定。5个位点组合可进行个体识别。在小熊猫圈养管理过程中,应用一套亲子鉴定体系对小熊猫圈养的谱系进行查漏补缺,有利于制定科学的配对计划、避免近亲繁殖,对小熊猫种群保护有着重要意义。 相似文献
82.
Heidi L. Hargarten Mattias L. Johansson Daniel C. Reed Nelson C. Coelho David A. Siegel Filipe Alberto 《Journal of phycology》2020,56(1):110-120
We conducted a population genetic analysis of the stalked kelp, Pterygophora californica, in the Santa Barbara Channel, California, USA. The results were compared with previous work on the genetic differentiation of giant kelp, Macrocystis pyrifera, in the same region. These two sympatric kelps not only share many life history and dispersal characteristics but also differ in that dislodged P. californica does not produce floating rafts with buoyant fertile sporophytes, commonly observed for M. pyrifera. We used a comparative population genetic approach with these two species to test the hypothesis that the ability to produce floating rafts increases the genetic connectivity among kelp patches in the Santa Barbara Channel. We quantified the association of habitat continuity and oceanographic distance with the genetic differentiation observed in stalked kelp, like previously conducted for giant kelp. We compared both overall (across all patches) and pairwise (between patches) genetic differentiation. We found that oceanographic transit time, habitat continuity, and geographic distance were all associated with genetic connectivity in P. californica, supporting similar previous findings for M. pyrifera. Controlling for differences in heterozygosity between kelp species using Jost's DEST, we showed that global differentiation and pairwise differentiation were similar among patches between the two kelp species, indicating that they have similar dispersal capabilities despite their differences in rafting ability. These results suggest that rafting sporophytes do not play a significant role in effective dispersal of M. pyrifera at ecologically relevant spatial and temporal scales. 相似文献
83.
Neus Calbet‐Llopart Mirella Pascini‐Garrigos Gemma Tell‐Martí Miriam Potrony Vanessa Martins da Silva Alicia Barreiro Susana Puig Guillaume Captier Isabelle James Nathalie Degardin Cristina Carrera Josep Malvehy Heather C. Etchevers Joan Anton Puig‐Butill 《Pigment cell & melanoma research》2020,33(5):685-694
Congenital melanocytic nevi (CMN) are cutaneous malformations whose prevalence is inversely correlated with projected adult size. CMN are caused by somatic mutations, but epidemiological studies suggest that germline genetic factors may influence CMN development. In CMN patients from the U.K., genetic variants in MC1R, such as p.V92M and loss‐of‐function variants, have been previously associated with larger CMN. We analyzed the association of MC1R variants with CMN characteristics in two distinct cohorts of medium‐to‐giant CMN patients from Spain (N = 113) and from France, Norway, Canada, and the United States (N = 53), similar at the clinical and phenotypical level except for the number of nevi per patient. We found that the p.V92M or loss‐of‐function MC1R variants either alone or in combination did not correlate with CMN size, in contrast to the U.K. CMN patients. An additional case–control analysis with 259 unaffected Spanish individuals showed a higher frequency of MC1R compound heterozygous or homozygous variant genotypes in Spanish CMN patients compared to the control population (15.9% vs. 9.3%; p = .075). Altogether, this study suggests that MC1R variants are not associated with CMN size in these non‐UK cohorts. Additional studies are required to define the potential role of MC1R as a risk factor in CMN development. 相似文献
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86.
小熊猫染色体异染色质的显示 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以培养的小熊猫外周淋巴细胞为实验材料,结合C-显带技术及CMA3/DA/DAPI三竽荧光杂色的方法,对小熊猫的染色体组型、C-带带型及CMA3/DA/DAPI荧光带带型进行了研究,发现:(1)经C-显带技术处理,可在小熊猫染色体上呈现出一种极为独特的C-带带型。在多数染色体上可见到丰富的插入C-带及端粒C-带。而着丝区仅显示弱阳性C-带;(2)除着丝粒区外,CMA3诱导的大多数强荧光带纹与C-阳性 相似文献
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88.
Dayuan Chen Qingyuan Sun Jilong Liu Guangpeng Li Li Lian Minkang Wang Zhiming Han Xiangfen Song Jinsong Li Qiang Sun Yucun Chen Yaping Zhang Bo Ding 《中国科学C辑(英文版)》1999,42(4):346-353
The giant panda skeletal muscle cells, uterus epithelial cells and mammary gland cells from an adult individual were cultured and used as nucleus donor for the construction of intenpecies embryos by transferring them into enucleated rabbit eggs. All the three kinds of somatic cells were able to reprogram in rabbit ooplasm and support early embryo development, of which mammary gland cells were proven to be the best, followed by uterus epithelial cells and skeletal muscle cells. The experiments showed that direct injection of mammary gland cell into enucleated rabbit ooplasm, combined within vim development in ligated rabbit oviduct, achieved higher blastocyst development thanin vitro culture after the somatic cell was injected into the perivitelline space and fused with the enucleated egg by electrical stimulation. The chromosome analysis demonstrated that the genetic materials in reconstructed blastocyst cells were the same as that in panda somatic cells. In addition, giant panda mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was shown to exist in the intenpecies reconstructed blastocyst. The data suggest that (i) the ability of ooplasm to dedifferentiate somatic cells is not speciesspecific; (ii) there is compatibility between intenpecies somatic nucleus and ooplasm during early development of the reconstructed egg. 相似文献
89.
大熊猫气味标记DNA的制备和序列分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
大熊猫气味标记在其个体间的通讯中具有重要意义。用不同方法收集了7只大熊猫个体的9个气味标记样品,运用Instagene Kit制备出了DNA。采用PCR扩增线粒体D-环区和细胞色素b基因、Thr-tRNA基因片段并作序列分析。结果提示,不同收集方式所得气味标记样品均有DNA,但用干棉花收集样品的方法最佳。该方法为大熊猫的遗传多样性研究提供了新的简捷有效的DNA来源。 相似文献
90.
大熊猫染色体晚复制带研究 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:3
以培养的大熊猫外周血淋巴细胞为实验材料,在细胞培养终止前4h加入BrdU(终浓度为10μg/ml培养基),对复制的染色体DNA进行BrdU标记。掺入BrdU的染色体经吖啶橙(0.05%)处理、紫外光照射、Giemsa染色后,可在染色体上获得清晰的复制带纹。根据众多分裂相所显示的不同复制带型,可初步确定大熊猫每一染色体独特的晚复制带纹。在雌性个体的两个X染色体中,一条X染色体复制明显落后于另一X染色体,尤其在迟复制X染色体长臂近着丝粒区显现出较宽的晚复制带纹。 相似文献